Maine is home to a diverse range of wildlife, including several species of venomous snakes. While snake bites are relatively rare in the state, it’s important to be aware of the potential risks and take precautions when exploring areas where snakes may be present.
Types of Venomous Snakes in Maine
There are two species of venomous snakes found in Maine: the timber rattlesnake and the copperhead.
Timber Rattlesnake
- Scientific name: Crotalus horridus
- Size: 3-5 feet in length
- Color: Dark brown or black with a series of chevron-shaped crossbands
- Habitat: Rocky ledges, forests, and meadows
- Venom: Potent, hemotoxic venom that can cause tissue damage, swelling, and pain
Copperhead
- Scientific name: Agkistrodon contortrix
- Size: 2-3 feet in length
- Color: Brown or copper-colored with a series of dark brown or black crossbands
- Habitat: Rocky outcrops, forests, and swamps
- Venom: Less potent than the timber rattlesnake, but still capable of causing pain, swelling, and tissue damage
Venomous Snake Bites
Symptoms of a Venomous Snake Bite:
- Sudden pain and swelling at the bite site
- Nausea and vomiting
- Dizziness and weakness
- Numbness or tingling around the bite site
- Blistering or skin discoloration
Treatment for a Venomous Snake Bite:
If you are bitten by a venomous snake, it’s essential to seek medical attention immediately. The following steps can help reduce the risk of venom spread:
- Call 911: Seek medical attention as soon as possible.
- Immobilize the bitten area: Keep the affected limb below heart level to slow venom circulation.
- Cover the wound: Use a clean bandage or cloth to cover the bite area loosely.
- Stay calm and avoid moving: Excessive movement can spread the venom faster.
Snakebite Prevention
- Wear long pants, boots, and gloves when exploring areas where snakes may be present.
- Avoid handling or approaching snakes.
- Be aware of your surroundings and look for snakes before stepping over logs or rocks.
- If you encounter a snake, give it plenty of space and move away slowly.
- Keep your property clean of debris and brush where snakes may hide.
Additional Resources
- Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife: https://www.maine.gov/ifw/wildlife/species/reptiles/timber-rattlesnake
- Maine Audubon Society: https://maineaudubon.org/species/timber-rattlesnake
- National Institute of Health: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4986338/
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: How common are venomous snake bites in Maine?
A: Snake bites are relatively rare in Maine, with only a few cases reported each year.
Q: What should I do if I see a snake?
A: Give the snake plenty of space and move away slowly. Do not approach or handle the snake.
Q: How can I prevent snake bites?
A: Wear protective clothing when exploring areas where snakes may be present, avoid handling or approaching snakes, and keep your property clean of debris and brush.
Q: Is antivenom available in Maine?
A: Yes, antivenom is available in Maine hospitals. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if you are bitten by a venomous snake.
