Texas History Eras Teks

A Comprehensive Overview for Educators

Era 1: The Native Americans (Prehistory-1685)

• Keywords: Native American tribes, Spanish exploration, arrival of European diseases
• Time period: 10000 BCE – 1685 CE
• Key events:
  • Arrival of Paleo-Indians in Texas around 10000 BCE
  • Establishment of American Indian tribes, including the Caddo, Comanche, and Apache
  • First Spanish exploration of Texas in 1519
  • Introduction of European diseases, leading to population decline among Native Americans

Era 2: The Spanish Colonial Era (1685-1821)

• Keywords: Spanish missions, Spanish settlements, Mexican independence
• Time period: 1685 – 1821 CE
• Key events:
  • Establishment of Spanish missions in East Texas in the 1690s
  • Founding of San Antonio in 1718
  • Mexican independence movement led by Father Miguel Hidalgo in 1810
  • Mexican independence from Spain in 1821

Era 3: The Mexican Era (1821-1836)

• Keywords: Mexican government, Anglo-American immigration, Texas Revolution
• Time period: 1821 – 1836 CE
• Key events:
  • Texas becomes a Mexican state in 1824
  • Increased Anglo-American immigration into Texas
  • Growing tensions between Anglo settlers and the Mexican government
  • Texas Revolution begins in 1835
  • Texas declares independence from Mexico in 1836

Era 4: The Republic of Texas (1836-1845)

• Keywords: Sam Houston, Republic of Texas, annexation by the United States
• Time period: 1836 – 1845 CE
• Key events:
  • Sam Houston becomes the first president of the Republic of Texas in 1836
  • Texas remains an independent republic for 10 years
  • Annexation of Texas by the United States in 1845

Era 5: The Texas Statehood Era (1845-Present)

• Keywords: Statehood, Civil War, Reconstruction, industrialization
• Time period: 1845 – Present
• Key events:
  • Texas becomes the 28th state of the United States in 1845
  • Texas secedes from the Union and joins the Confederate States of America in 1861
  • Civil War ends in 1865 and Reconstruction begins
  • Industrialization and growth of Texas in the late 19th and 20th centuries

Tables

Table 1: Timeline of Texas History Eras

Table 2: Native American Tribes of Texas

Table 3: Significant Battles of the Texas Revolution

Table 4: Texas Governors Since Statehood