
AP Lang Reading List: Your Comprehensive Guide to Success Table 1: Literary Devices and Their Effects Table 2: Figurative Language and Its Uses Table 3: AP Lang Exam Structure and Scoring Table 4: AP Lang Exam Performance Data
Ace the Advanced Placement English Literature and Composition exam with our meticulously curated reading list, designed to sharpen your analytical skills, expand your literary knowledge, and leave you confident for test day.

Required Reading List
Fiction:
- The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald: A timeless masterpiece exploring themes of wealth, love, and the American Dream.
- The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger: A poignant and controversial novel that delves into adolescence, alienation, and the search for meaning.
- To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee: A powerful and moving story that exposes racial prejudice and the complexities of human nature.
- Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston: A vibrant and lyrical novel that celebrates African American culture and female empowerment.
- Beloved by Toni Morrison: A haunting and poetic narrative that confronts the legacy of slavery and the weight of the past.
Nonfiction:
- Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave by Frederick Douglass: A powerful autobiography that chronicles the horrors of slavery and the fight for freedom.
- The Autobiography of Malcolm X by Malcolm X and Alex Haley: A compelling and controversial memoir that recounts the transformative journey of a civil rights leader.
- The Fire Next Time by James Baldwin: A collection of essays that examines racial tensions and the search for identity in America.
- Silent Spring by Rachel Carson: A seminal work in environmentalism that exposes the dangers of pesticides and the need for ecological awareness.
- In Cold Blood by Truman Capote: A true-crime masterpiece that delves into the psychology of violence and the nature of good and evil.
Supplemental Reading List
While not required for the exam, these additional works provide valuable perspectives and deepen your literary understanding:
- Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen: A witty and romantic classic that explores the themes of class, marriage, and social conventions.
- Hamlet by William Shakespeare: A timeless tragedy that delves into the complexities of human character and the nature of existence.
- The Odyssey by Homer: An epic poem that recounts the perilous journey of a Greek hero and the challenges of returning home.
- A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry: A powerful play that explores race, poverty, and the search for the American Dream.
- Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston: A poetic and moving novel that celebrates African American culture and female empowerment.
Benefits of a Comprehensive Reading List
- Enhanced Analysis Skills: Engage with diverse literary forms and styles to hone your ability to analyze texts critically.
- Expanded Literary Knowledge: Broaden your literary horizons by exploring classic and contemporary works of fiction and nonfiction.
- Improved Writing Ability: The insights gained from reading these seminal works will enrich your vocabulary, refine your writing style, and enhance your ability to express complex ideas clearly.
- Test Preparation Advantage: Familiarize yourself with the literary works frequently tested on the AP Lang exam, giving you an edge on test day.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Underestimating the Complexity: AP Lang reading selections demand close attention and deep analysis; avoid skimming or superficial reading.
- Neglecting Close Reading: Focus on carefully examining each sentence, word choice, and literary device to uncover the author’s intentions and deeper meanings.
- Oversimplifying Themes: Recognize that literary works often explore complex and multifaceted themes; avoid reducing them to simplistic generalizations.
- Ignoring Context: Understand the historical, social, and cultural context in which the works were written to better appreciate their significance.
- Relying on SparkNotes or Cliff’s Notes: While these resources can provide a general overview, they are no substitute for direct engagement with the texts themselves.
Step-by-Step Approach to Reading Success
- Set Realistic Reading Goals: Break down the reading list into manageable chunks and allocate specific time for reading each day.
- Read Actively: Use highlighting, note-taking, and margin annotations to engage deeply with the texts.
- Analyze the Text: Pay close attention to literary devices, rhetorical strategies, and character development to uncover the author’s purpose and meaning.
- Discuss and Collaborate: Engage with classmates or a study group to share insights, discuss interpretations, and deepen your understanding.
- Review Regularly: Revisit the texts periodically to reinforce your knowledge and solidify your comprehension.
Additional Tips for Success
- Join a Book Club: Engage with a group of fellow students to discuss literary works and expand your perspectives.
- Attend Author Readings: Experience authors’ insights and hear their perspectives on their own works firsthand.
- Explore Literary Websites: Visit websites such as the Modern Library Reader and LitHub for online discussions, book reviews, and literary essays.
- Keep a Literary Journal: Record your thoughts, reflections, and analysis as you read the AP Lang texts to track your progress and identify areas for improvement.
- Seek Tutoring Support: Consider working with a tutor to gain personalized guidance on complex texts and strengthen your analytical skills.
By following these recommendations and immersing yourself in the AP Lang reading list, you will not only prepare effectively for the exam but also cultivate a lifelong love for literature and the power of written language.
Literary Device | Effect |
---|---|
Symbolism: Using objects or characters to represent abstract ideas or emotions | Creates deeper meaning and resonance |
Imagery: Using vivid language to evoke sensory perceptions | Enhances the reader’s experience and emotional engagement |
Allegory: Using a story to convey a moral or philosophical message | Provides a deeper level of understanding and interpretation |
Metaphor: Comparing two unlike things without using “like” or “as” | Illuminates connections, deepens meaning, and creates surprise |
Figurative Language | Definition | Example |
---|---|---|
Simile: Comparing two unlike things using “like” or “as” | “Her eyes sparkled like stars.” | |
Personification: Giving human qualities to nonhuman things | “The wind whispered secrets through the trees.” | |
Hyperbole: Exaggeration for emphasis or humor | “I’m so hungry I could eat a horse.” | |
Oxymoron: Combining contradictory terms | “Sweet sorrow” or “bittersweet” |
Section | Number of Points | Time Limit |
---|---|---|
Multiple Choice (Section I): 55 | 60 minutes | |
Short Answer Responses (Section II): 20 | 45 minutes | |
Essay Writing (Section III): 25 | 75 minutes |
Year | Number of Students Tested | Average Score |
---|---|---|
2019 | 766,872 | 2.88 |
2020 | 621,352 | 3.10 |
2021 | 434,364 | 3.09 |
2022 | 336,593 | 3.12 |